Fix variable names to give context for translators

fix other various i18n issues

cms/templates/js/edit-textbook.underscore

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
         </div>
   </fieldset>
   <fieldset class="chapters-fields">
-    <legend class="sr"><%= gettext("Chapter(s) information") %></legend>
+    <legend class="sr"><%= gettext("Chapter information") %></legend>
       <ol class="chapters list-input enum"></ol>
 
     <button class="action action-add-chapter"><i class="icon-plus"></i> <%= gettext("Add a Chapter") %></button>

common/djangoapps/student/views.py

@@ -1522,9 +1522,8 @@ def password_reset_confirm_wrapper(
         if PasswordHistory.is_password_reset_too_soon(user):
             num_days = settings.ADVANCED_SECURITY_CONFIG['MIN_TIME_IN_DAYS_BETWEEN_ALLOWED_RESETS']
             err_msg = ungettext(
-                # Translators: If you need to use a variable number instead of the number "one", use {num} in its place.
-                "You are resetting passwords too frequently. Due to security policies, one day must elapse between password resets",
-                "You are resetting passwords too frequently. Due to security policies, {num} days must elapse between password resets",
+                "You are resetting passwords too frequently. Due to security policies, {num} day must elapse between password resets.",
+                "You are resetting passwords too frequently. Due to security policies, {num} days must elapse between password resets.",
                 num_days
             ).format(num=num_days)
 

common/static/js/src/jquery.timeago.locale.js

 jQuery.timeago.settings.strings = {
+    // Translators: %s will be a time quantity, such as "4 minutes" or "1 day"
     formatAgo: gettext("%s ago"),
+    // Translators: %s will be a time quantity, such as "4 minutes" or "1 day"
     formatFromNow: gettext("%s from now"),
     seconds: gettext("less than a minute"),
     minute: gettext("about a minute"),

lms/djangoapps/dashboard/sysadmin.py

@@ -135,16 +135,25 @@ class Users(SysadminDashboardView):
             try:
                 testuser = authenticate(username=euser.username, password=epass)
             except (TypeError, PermissionDenied, AttributeError), err:
-                msg += _('Failed in authenticating {0}, error {1}\n'
-                         ).format(euser, err)
+                # Translators: This message means that the user could not be authenticated (that is, we could
+                # not log them in for some reason - maybe they don't have permission, or their password was wrong)
+                msg += _('Failed in authenticating {username}, error {error}\n').format(
+                    username=euser,
+                    error=err
+                )
                 continue
             if testuser is None:
-                msg += _('Failed in authenticating {0}\n').format(euser)
+                # Translators: This message means that the user could not be authenticated (that is, we could
+                # not log them in for some reason - maybe they don't have permission, or their password was wrong)
+                msg += _('Failed in authenticating {username}\n').format(username=euser)
+                # Translators: this means that the password has been corrected (sometimes the database needs to be resynchronized)
+                # Translate this as meaning "the password was fixed" or "the password was corrected".
                 msg += _('fixed password')
                 euser.set_password(epass)
                 euser.save()
                 continue
         if not msg:
+            # Translators: this means everything happened successfully, yay!
             msg = _('All ok!')
         return msg
 
@@ -165,13 +174,16 @@ class Users(SysadminDashboardView):
             else:
                 email = uname
             if not email.endswith('@{0}'.format(email_domain)):
-                msg += u'{0} @{1}'.format(_('email must end in'), email_domain)
+                # Translators: Domain is an email domain, such as "@gmail.com"
+                msg += _('Email address must end in {domain}').format(domain="@{0}".format(email_domain))
                 return msg
             mit_domain = 'ssl:MIT'
             if ExternalAuthMap.objects.filter(external_id=email,
                                               external_domain=mit_domain):
-                msg += _('Failed - email {0} already exists as '
-                         'external_id').format(email)
+                msg += _('Failed - email {email_addr} already exists as {external_id}').format(
+                    email_addr=email,
+                    external_id="external_id"
+                )
                 return msg
             new_password = generate_password()
         else:
@@ -190,8 +202,10 @@ class Users(SysadminDashboardView):
         try:
             user.save()
         except IntegrityError:
-            msg += _('Oops, failed to create user {0}, '
-                     'IntegrityError').format(user)
+            msg += _('Oops, failed to create user {user}, {error}').format(
+                user=user,
+                error="IntegrityError"
+            )
             return msg
 
         reg = Registration()
@@ -217,7 +231,7 @@ class Users(SysadminDashboardView):
             eamap.dtsignup = timezone.now()
             eamap.save()
 
-        msg += _('User {0} created successfully!').format(user)
+        msg += _('User {user} created successfully!').format(user=user)
         return msg
 
     def delete_user(self, uname):
@@ -229,17 +243,19 @@ class Users(SysadminDashboardView):
             try:
                 user = User.objects.get(email=uname)
             except User.DoesNotExist, err:
-                msg = _('Cannot find user with email address {0}').format(uname)
+                msg = _('Cannot find user with email address {email_addr}').format(email_addr=uname)
                 return msg
         else:
             try:
                 user = User.objects.get(username=uname)
             except User.DoesNotExist, err:
-                msg = _('Cannot find user with username {0} - {1}'
-                        ).format(uname, str(err))
+                msg = _('Cannot find user with username {username} - {error}').format(
+                    username=uname,
+                    error=str(err)
+                )
                 return msg
         user.delete()
-        return _('Deleted user {0}').format(uname)
+        return _('Deleted user {username}').format(username=uname)
 
     def make_common_context(self):
         """Returns the datatable used for this view"""
@@ -252,7 +268,8 @@ class Users(SysadminDashboardView):
                                    User.objects.all().count()]]
 
         self.msg += u'<h2>{0}</h2>'.format(
-            _('Courses loaded in the modulestore'))
+            _('Courses loaded in the modulestore')
+        )
         self.msg += u'<ol>'
         for course in self.get_courses():
             self.msg += u'<li>{0} ({1})</li>'.format(
@@ -418,6 +435,9 @@ class Courses(SysadminDashboardView):
 
         msg = u''
         if not getattr(settings, 'GIT_IMPORT_WITH_XMLMODULESTORE', False):
+            # Translators: "GIT_IMPORT_WITH_XMLMODULESTORE" is a variable name.
+            # "XMLModuleStore" and "MongoDB" are database systems. You should not
+            # translate these names.
             return _('Refusing to import. GIT_IMPORT_WITH_XMLMODULESTORE is '
                      'not turned on, and it is generally not safe to import '
                      'into an XMLModuleStore with multithreaded. We '
@@ -449,7 +469,7 @@ class Courses(SysadminDashboardView):
 
         msg += u'<pre>{0}</pre>'.format(cmd_output)
         if not os.path.exists(gdir):
-            msg += _('Failed to clone repository to {0}').format(gdir)
+            msg += _('Failed to clone repository to {directory_name}').format(directory_name=gdir)
             return msg
         # Change branch if specified
         if branch:
@@ -469,8 +489,9 @@ class Courses(SysadminDashboardView):
             msg += u'<hr width="50%"><pre>{0}</pre>'.format(escape(errlog))
         else:
             course = self.def_ms.courses[os.path.abspath(gdir)]
-            msg += _('Loaded course {0} {1}<br/>Errors:').format(
-                cdir, course.display_name)
+            msg += _('Loaded course {course_name}<br/>Errors:').format(
+                course_name="{} {}".format(cdir, course.display_name)
+            )
             errors = self.def_ms.get_course_errors(course.id)
             if not errors:
                 msg += u'None'

lms/djangoapps/instructor/views/instructor_dashboard.py

@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ def _section_metrics(course_key, access):
     """Provide data for the corresponding dashboard section """
     section_data = {
         'section_key': 'metrics',
-        'section_display_name': ('Metrics'),
+        'section_display_name': _('Metrics'),
         'access': access,
         'course_id': course_key.to_deprecated_string(),
         'sub_section_display_name': get_section_display_name(course_key),

lms/static/coffee/src/instructor_dashboard/analytics.coffee

@@ -34,7 +34,9 @@ class ProfileDistributionWidget
     @reset_display()
 
     @get_profile_distributions @feature,
-      error: std_ajax_err => @show_error gettext("Error fetching distribution.")
+      error: std_ajax_err =>
+          `// Translators: "Distribution" refers to a grade distribution. This error message appears when there is an error getting the data on grade distribution.`
+          @show_error gettext("Error fetching distribution.")
       success: (data) =>
         feature_res = data.feature_results
         if feature_res.type is 'EASY_CHOICE'

lms/static/coffee/src/instructor_dashboard/membership.coffee

@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ class AuthListWidget extends MemberListWidget
       data: rolename: @rolename
       success: (data) => cb? null, data[@rolename]
       error: std_ajax_err => 
-        `// Translators: A rolename appears this sentence.`
+        `// Translators: A rolename appears this sentence. A rolename is something like "staff" or "beta tester".`
         cb? gettext("Error fetching list for role") + " '#{@rolename}'"
 
   # send ajax request to modify access
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ class BatchEnrollment
         (sr.identifier for sr in notenrolled)
 
     if notunenrolled.length
-      `// Translators: A list of users appears after this sentence`
+      `// Translators: A list of users appears after this sentence. This situation arises when a staff member tries to unenroll a user who is not currently enrolled in this course.`
       render_list gettext("These users were not affiliated with the course so could not be unenrolled:"),
         (sr.identifier for sr in notunenrolled)
 

lms/templates/instructor/instructor_dashboard_2/instructor_dashboard_2.html

@@ -81,7 +81,9 @@
   ## when the javascript loads, it clicks on the first section
   <ul class="instructor-nav">
     % for section_data in sections:
-      <li class="nav-item"><a href="" data-section="${ section_data['section_key'] }">${_(section_data['section_display_name'])}</a></li>
+      ## This is necessary so we don't scrape 'section_display_name' as a string.
+      <% dname = section_data['section_display_name'] %>
+      <li class="nav-item"><a href="" data-section="${ section_data['section_key'] }">${_(dname)}</a></li>
     % endfor
   </ul>
 

lms/templates/shoppingcart/receipt.html

@@ -72,7 +72,8 @@
 
         % if any_refunds:
           <p>
-            ${_("Note: items with strikethough like ")}<del>this</del>${_(" have been refunded.")}
+	    ## Translators: Please keep the "<del>" and "</del>" tags around your translation of the word "this" in your translation.
+            ${_("Note: items with strikethough like <del>this</del> have been refunded.")}
           </p>
         % endif
 

lms/templates/shoppingcart/verified_cert_receipt.html

@@ -191,7 +191,8 @@
               <div class="msg msg-refunds">
                 <h4 class="title sr">Please Note:</h4>
                 <div class="copy">
-                  <p>${_("Note: items with strikethough like ")}<del>${_("this")}</del>${_(" have been refunded.")}</p>
+     		  ## Translators: Please keep the "<del>" and "</del>" tags around your translation of the word "this" in your translation.
+                  <p>${_("Note: items with strikethough like <del>this</del> have been refunded.")}</p>
                 </div>
               </div>
               % endif

lms/templates/video.html

@@ -122,6 +122,7 @@
                   % else:
                   <li class="a11y-menu-item">
                   % endif
+		      ## This is necessary so we don't scrape 'display_name' as a string.
 		      <% dname = item['display_name'] %>
                       <a class="a11y-menu-item-link" href="#${item['value']}" title="${_(dname)}" data-value="${item['value']}">
                         ${_(dname)}