enrollment.py

"""
Enrollment operations for use by instructor APIs.

Does not include any access control, be sure to check access before calling.
"""

import json
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.conf import settings
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.core.mail import send_mail

from student.models import CourseEnrollment, CourseEnrollmentAllowed
from courseware.models import StudentModule
from edxmako.shortcuts import render_to_string

from microsite_configuration import microsite

# For determining if a shibboleth course
SHIBBOLETH_DOMAIN_PREFIX = 'shib:'


class EmailEnrollmentState(object):
    """ Store the complete enrollment state of an email in a class """
    def __init__(self, course_id, email):
        exists_user = User.objects.filter(email=email).exists()
        if exists_user:
            user = User.objects.get(email=email)
            exists_ce = CourseEnrollment.is_enrolled(user, course_id)
            full_name = user.profile.name
        else:
            exists_ce = False
            full_name = None
        ceas = CourseEnrollmentAllowed.objects.filter(course_id=course_id, email=email).all()
        exists_allowed = len(ceas) > 0
        state_auto_enroll = exists_allowed and ceas[0].auto_enroll

        self.user = exists_user
        self.enrollment = exists_ce
        self.allowed = exists_allowed
        self.auto_enroll = bool(state_auto_enroll)
        self.full_name = full_name

    def __repr__(self):
        return "{}(user={}, enrollment={}, allowed={}, auto_enroll={})".format(
            self.__class__.__name__,
            self.user,
            self.enrollment,
            self.allowed,
            self.auto_enroll,
        )

    def to_dict(self):
        """
        example: {
            'user': False,
            'enrollment': False,
            'allowed': True,
            'auto_enroll': True,
        }
        """
        return {
            'user': self.user,
            'enrollment': self.enrollment,
            'allowed': self.allowed,
            'auto_enroll': self.auto_enroll,
        }


def enroll_email(course_id, student_email, auto_enroll=False, email_students=False, email_params=None):
    """
    Enroll a student by email.

    `student_email` is student's emails e.g. "foo@bar.com"
    `auto_enroll` determines what is put in CourseEnrollmentAllowed.auto_enroll
        if auto_enroll is set, then when the email registers, they will be
        enrolled in the course automatically.
    `email_students` determines if student should be notified of action by email.
    `email_params` parameters used while parsing email templates (a `dict`).

    returns two EmailEnrollmentState's
        representing state before and after the action.
    """

    previous_state = EmailEnrollmentState(course_id, student_email)

    if previous_state.user:
        CourseEnrollment.enroll_by_email(student_email, course_id)
        if email_students:
            email_params['message'] = 'enrolled_enroll'
            email_params['email_address'] = student_email
            email_params['full_name'] = previous_state.full_name
            send_mail_to_student(student_email, email_params)
    else:
        cea, _ = CourseEnrollmentAllowed.objects.get_or_create(course_id=course_id, email=student_email)
        cea.auto_enroll = auto_enroll
        cea.save()
        if email_students:
            email_params['message'] = 'allowed_enroll'
            email_params['email_address'] = student_email
            send_mail_to_student(student_email, email_params)

    after_state = EmailEnrollmentState(course_id, student_email)

    return previous_state, after_state


def unenroll_email(course_id, student_email, email_students=False, email_params=None):
    """
    Unenroll a student by email.

    `student_email` is student's emails e.g. "foo@bar.com"
    `email_students` determines if student should be notified of action by email.
    `email_params` parameters used while parsing email templates (a `dict`).

    returns two EmailEnrollmentState's
        representing state before and after the action.
    """

    previous_state = EmailEnrollmentState(course_id, student_email)

    if previous_state.enrollment:
        CourseEnrollment.unenroll_by_email(student_email, course_id)
        if email_students:
            email_params['message'] = 'enrolled_unenroll'
            email_params['email_address'] = student_email
            email_params['full_name'] = previous_state.full_name
            send_mail_to_student(student_email, email_params)

    if previous_state.allowed:
        CourseEnrollmentAllowed.objects.get(course_id=course_id, email=student_email).delete()
        if email_students:
            email_params['message'] = 'allowed_unenroll'
            email_params['email_address'] = student_email
            # Since no User object exists for this student there is no "full_name" available.
            send_mail_to_student(student_email, email_params)

    after_state = EmailEnrollmentState(course_id, student_email)

    return previous_state, after_state


def reset_student_attempts(course_id, student, module_state_key, delete_module=False):
    """
    Reset student attempts for a problem. Optionally deletes all student state for the specified problem.

    In the previous instructor dashboard it was possible to modify/delete
    modules that were not problems. That has been disabled for safety.

    `student` is a User
    `problem_to_reset` is the name of a problem e.g. 'L2Node1'.
    To build the module_state_key 'problem/' and course information will be appended to `problem_to_reset`.

    Throws ValueError if `problem_state` is invalid JSON.
    """
    module_to_reset = StudentModule.objects.get(student_id=student.id,
                                                course_id=course_id,
                                                module_state_key=module_state_key)

    if delete_module:
        module_to_reset.delete()
    else:
        _reset_module_attempts(module_to_reset)


def _reset_module_attempts(studentmodule):
    """
    Reset the number of attempts on a studentmodule.

    Throws ValueError if `problem_state` is invalid JSON.
    """
    # load the state json
    problem_state = json.loads(studentmodule.state)
    # old_number_of_attempts = problem_state["attempts"]
    problem_state["attempts"] = 0

    # save
    studentmodule.state = json.dumps(problem_state)
    studentmodule.save()


def get_email_params(course, auto_enroll):
    """
    Generate parameters used when parsing email templates.

    `auto_enroll` is a flag for auto enrolling non-registered students: (a `boolean`)
    Returns a dict of parameters
    """

    stripped_site_name = settings.SITE_NAME
    registration_url = 'https://' + stripped_site_name + reverse('student.views.register_user')
    is_shib_course = uses_shib(course)

    # Composition of email
    email_params = {
        'site_name': stripped_site_name,
        'registration_url': registration_url,
        'course': course,
        'auto_enroll': auto_enroll,
        'course_url': 'https://' + stripped_site_name + '/courses/' + course.id,
        'course_about_url': 'https://' + stripped_site_name + '/courses/' + course.id + '/about',
        'is_shib_course': is_shib_course,
    }
    return email_params


def send_mail_to_student(student, param_dict):
    """
    Construct the email using templates and then send it.
    `student` is the student's email address (a `str`),

    `param_dict` is a `dict` with keys
    [
        `site_name`: name given to edX instance (a `str`)
        `registration_url`: url for registration (a `str`)
        `course_id`: id of course (a `str`)
        `auto_enroll`: user input option (a `str`)
        `course_url`: url of course (a `str`)
        `email_address`: email of student (a `str`)
        `full_name`: student full name (a `str`)
        `message`: type of email to send and template to use (a `str`)
        `is_shib_course`: (a `boolean`)
    ]

    Returns a boolean indicating whether the email was sent successfully.
    """

    # add some helpers and microconfig subsitutions
    if 'course' in param_dict:
        param_dict['course_name'] = param_dict['course'].display_name_with_default

    param_dict['site_name'] = microsite.get_value(
        'SITE_NAME',
        param_dict['site_name']
    )

    subject = None
    message = None

    # see if we are running in a microsite and that there is an
    # activation email template definition available as configuration, if so, then render that
    message_type = param_dict['message']

    email_template_dict = {
        'allowed_enroll': (
            'emails/enroll_email_allowedsubject.txt',
            'emails/enroll_email_allowedmessage.txt'
        ),
        'enrolled_enroll': (
            'emails/enroll_email_enrolledsubject.txt',
            'emails/enroll_email_enrolledmessage.txt'
        ),
        'allowed_unenroll': (
            'emails/unenroll_email_subject.txt',
            'emails/unenroll_email_allowedmessage.txt'
        ),
        'enrolled_unenroll': (
            'emails/unenroll_email_subject.txt',
            'emails/unenroll_email_enrolledmessage.txt'
        )
    }

    subject_template, message_template = email_template_dict.get(message_type, (None, None))
    if subject_template is not None and message_template is not None:
        subject = render_to_string(subject_template, param_dict)
        message = render_to_string(message_template, param_dict)

    if subject and message:
        # Remove leading and trailing whitespace from body
        message = message.strip()

        # Email subject *must not* contain newlines
        subject = ''.join(subject.splitlines())
        from_address = microsite.get_value(
            'email_from_address',
            settings.DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL
        )

        send_mail(subject, message, from_address, [student], fail_silently=False)


def uses_shib(course):
    """
    Used to return whether course has Shibboleth as the enrollment domain

    Returns a boolean indicating if Shibboleth authentication is set for this course.
    """
    return course.enrollment_domain and course.enrollment_domain.startswith(SHIBBOLETH_DOMAIN_PREFIX)