evaluate students' responses using an embedded Python script that you
create. These problems can be any type.
- :ref:`Custom Python Evaluated Input` Custom Python-evaluated input (also called "write-your-own-grader" problems evaluate students' responses using an embedded Python script that you create. These problems can be any type.
- :ref:`Drag and Drop` Drag and drop problems require students to drag text
or objects to a specific location on an image.
- :ref:`Image Mapped Input` Image mapped input problems require students to
...
...
@@ -36,9 +35,105 @@ then click the name of the problem that you want to create.
To add a label for an advanced problem, you'll add a **label** attribute to one of the XML tags for the problem. For more information, see :ref:`Appendix E`.
.. _Circuit Schematic Builder:
.. _Chemical Equation Input:
Chemical Equation
-----------------
In chemical equation problems, students enter text that represents a chemical equation into a text box. The LMS converts that text into a chemical equation below the text box.
**Sample Problem**
.. image:: /Images/ChemicalEquationExample.png
:alt: Image of a chemical equation problem
**Required Tags**
.. list-table::
:widths: 20 80
* - ``<customresponse>``
- Indicates that this problem has a custom response. The ``<customresponse>`` tags must surround the ``<chemicalequation>`` tags.
* - ``<chemicalequationinput>``
- A child of ``<customresponse>``. Indicates that the answer to this problem is a chemical equation. Must contain the ``size`` and ``label`` attributes.
* - ``<answer type=loncapa/python>``
- A child of ``<chemicalequationinput>``. Contains the Python script that grades the problem.
Chemical equation problems use MathJax to create formulas. For more information about using MathJax in Studio, see :ref:`MathJax in Studio`.
**Sample Problem XML**:
.. code-block:: xml
<problem>
<startouttext/>
<p>Some problems may ask for a particular chemical equation. Practice by writing out the following reaction in the box below.</p>
<p>A voltage divider that evenly divides the input voltage can be formed with two identically valued resistors, with the sampled voltage taken in between the two.</p>
<p>A simple high-pass filter without any further constaints can be formed by simply putting a resister in series with a capacitor. The actual values of the components do not really matter in order to meet the constraints of the problem.</p>
In write-your-own-grader problems (also called "custom Python-evaluated
input" problems), the grader evaluates a student's response using a
Python script that you create and embed in the problem. These problems
can be any type. Numerical input and text input problems are the most
popular write-your-own-grader.
In custom Python-evaluated input (also called "write-your-own-grader problems" problems), the grader evaluates a student's response using a Python script that you create and embed in the problem. These problems can be any type. Numerical input and text input problems are the most popular write-your-own-grader problems.
.. image:: Images/CustomPythonExample.png
:alt: Image of a write your own grader problem
...
...
@@ -229,6 +378,107 @@ To create a write-your-own-grader problem:
For more information about write-your-own-grader problems, see `CustomResponse XML and Python
<p>Part 2: Enter two integers that sum to 20. </p>
<customresponse cfn="test_add" expect="20">
<textline size="10" label="Integer #1"/><br/>
<textline size="10" label="Integer #2"/>
</customresponse>
<solution>
<div class="detailed-solution">
<p>Explanation</p>
<p>For part 1, any two numbers of the form <i>n</i> and <i>10-n</i>, where <i>n</i> is any integer, will work. One possible answer would be the pair 0 and 10.</p>
<p>For part 2, any pair <i>x</i> and <i>20-x</i> will work, where <i>x</i> is any real number with a finite decimal representation. Both inputs have to be entered either in standard decimal notation or in scientific exponential notation. One possible answer would be the pair 0.5 and 19.5. Another way to write this would be 5e-1 and 1.95e1.</p>
</div>
</solution>
</problem>
**Templates**
The following template includes answers that appear when the student clicks **Show Answer**.
The following template does not return answers when the student clicks **Show Answer**. If your problem doesn't include answers for the student to see, make sure to set **Show Answer** to **Never** in the problem component.
.. code-block:: xml
<problem>
<script type="loncapa/python">
def test_add(expect,ans):
a1=float(ans[0])
a2=float(ans[1])
return (a1+a2)== float(expect)
</script>
<p>Enter two real numbers that sum to 20: </p>
<customresponse cfn="test_add" expect="20">
<textline size="10" label="Integer #1"/><br/>
<textline size="10" label="Integer #2"/>
</customresponse>
<solution>
<div class="detailed-solution">
<p>Solution or Explanation Heading</p>
<p>Solution or explanation text</p>
</div>
</solution>
</problem>
.. _Drag and Drop:
Drag and Drop
...
...
@@ -237,7 +487,7 @@ Drag and Drop
In drag and drop problems, students respond to a question by dragging
text or objects to a specific location on an image.
.. image:: Images/DragAndDropExample.gif
.. image:: Images/DragAndDropProblem.png
:alt: Image of a drag and drop problem
Create a Drag and Drop Problem
...
...
@@ -280,7 +530,32 @@ To create a image mapped input problem:
#. In the component editor, replace the example code with your own code.
@@ -298,6 +573,16 @@ Unlike numerical input problems, which only allow integers and a few select cons
When you create a math expression input problem in Studio, you'll use `MathJax <http://www.mathjax.org>`_ to change your plain text into "beautiful math." For more information about how to use MathJax in Studio, see :ref:`MathJax in Studio`.
**Notes for Students**
When you answer a math expression input problem, follow these guidelines.
* Use standard arithmetic operation symbols.
* Indicate multiplication explicitly by using an asterisk (*).
* Use a caret (^) to raise to a power.
* Use an underscore (_) to indicate a subscript.
* Use parentheses to specify the order of operations.
The LMS automatically converts the following Greek letter names into the corresponding Greek characters when a student types them in the answer field:
.. list-table::
...
...
@@ -347,10 +632,79 @@ To create a math expression input problem:
#. In the component editor, replace the example code with your own code.
#. Click **Save**.
.. list-table::
:widths: 20 80
:header-rows: 1
* - ``<formularesponse>``
-
* - ``<formulaequationinput>``
- This tag includes the ``size`` and ``label`` attributes.
* - ``<script type="loncapa/python">``
-
**Sample Problem XML**
.. code-block:: xml
<problem>
<p>Some problems may ask for a mathematical expression. Practice creating mathematical expressions by answering the questions below.</p>
<p>Write an expression for the product of R_1, R_2, and the inverse of R_3.</p>
<em>This exercise first appeared in HarvardX's PH207x Health in Numbers: Quantitative Methods in Clinical & Public Health Research course, fall 2012.</em>
investigating lateral inhibition using horseshoe crabs.
[Explanation]
**Problem Code:**
.. code-block:: xml
<problem>
<p>Lateral inhibition, as was first discovered in the horsehoe crab...</p>
<multiplechoiceresponse>
<choicegroup type="MultipleChoice" label="Lateral inhibition, as was first discovered in the horsehoe crab">
<choice correct="false">is a property of touch sensation, referring to the ability of crabs to detect nearby predators.</choice>
<choice correct="false">is a property of hearing, referring to the ability of crabs to detect low frequency noises.</choice>
<choice correct="false">is a property of vision, referring to the ability of crabs eyes to enhance contrasts.</choice>
<choice correct="true">has to do with the ability of crabs to use sonar to detect fellow horseshoe crabs nearby.</choice>
<choice correct="false">has to do with a weighting system in the crabs skeleton that allows it to balance in turbulent water.</choice>
</choicegroup>
</multiplechoiceresponse>
<solution>
<div class="detailed-solution">
<p>Explanation</p>
<p>Horseshoe crabs were essential to the discovery of lateral inhibition, a property of vision present in horseshoe crabs as well as humans, that enables enhancement of contrast at edges of objects as was demonstrated in class. In 1967, Haldan Hartline received the Nobel prize for his research on vision and in particular his research investigating lateral inhibition using horseshoe crabs.</p>
You can create numerical problems in the Simple Editor and in the Advanced Editor regardless of the answer to the problem. If the text of your problem doesn't include any italics, bold formatting, or special characters, you can create the problem in the Simple Editor. If the text of your problem contains special formatting or characters, or if your problem contains a Python script, you'll use the Advanced Editor.
For example, the following example problems require the Advanced Editor.
.. image:: Images/NumericalInput_Complex.png
:alt: Image of a more complex numerical input problem
For more information about including a Python script in your problem, see :ref:`Custom Python Evaluated Input`.
Create a Numerical Input Problem in the Simple Editor
You can provide hints for common incorrect answers in text input problems. You can also set a text input problem to allow a regular expression as an answer. To do this, you'll have to modify the problem's XML in the Advanced Editor. For more information, see :ref:`String Response`.
\ No newline at end of file
You can provide hints for common incorrect answers in text input problems. You can also set a text input problem to allow a regular expression as an answer. To do this, you'll have to modify the problem's XML in the Advanced Editor. For more information, see :ref:`String Response`.
Although you can create text input problems by using the Simple Editor in Studio, you may want to see or change the problem's underlying XML. For example, you can add hints that appear when students enter common incorrect answers, or modify the problem's XML so that students can submit regular expressions as answers.
The regular expression that the student enters must contain the part of the answer that the instructor specifies. For example, if an instructor has specified ``<answer=".*example answer.*" type="regexp">``, correct answers include ``example answered``, ``two example answers``, or even ``==example answer==``, but not ``examples`` or ``example anser``.
You can add ``regexp`` to the value of the ``type`` attribute, for example: ``type="ci regexp"`` or ``type="regexp"`` or ``type="regexp cs"``. In this case, any answer or hint will be treated as regular expressions.
**Sample Problem**
.. image:: ../Images/TextInputExample.gif
:alt: Image of a string response problem
**XML Tags**
.. list-table::
:widths: 20 80
* - ``<stringresponse>``
- Indicates that the problem is a text input problem.
* - ``<textline>``
- Child of ``<stringresponse>``. Lists the answer options and contains the ``label`` attribute.
* - ``<additional_answer>`` (optional)
- Specifies an additional correct answer for the problem. A problem can contain an unlimited number of additional answers.
* - ``<hintgroup>`` (optional)
- Indicates that the instructor has provided hints for certain common incorrect answers.
* - ``<stringhint />`` (optional)
- Child of ``<hintgroup>``. Specifies the text of the incorrect answer to provide the hint for. Contains answer, type, name.
* - ``<hintpart>``
- Contains the name from ``<stringhint>``. Associates the incorrect answer with the hint text for that incorrect answer.
* - ``<startouttext />``
- Indicates the beginning of the text of the hint.
* - ``<endouttext />``
- Indicates the end of the text of the hint.
**Sample Problem Code**
.. code-block:: xml
<problem>
<p>
<em>This problem is adapted from an exercise that first appeared in MITx's 14.73x The Challenges of Global Poverty course, spring 2013.</em>
</p>
<p>What is the technical term that refers to the fact that, when enough people sleep under a bednet, the disease may altogether disappear?</p>
<textline size="20" label="What is the technical term that refers to the fact that, when enough people sleep under a bednet, the disease may altogether disappear?"/>
In contact immunity, a vaccinated individual passes along his immunity to another person through contact with feces or bodily fluids. The answer to the question above refers to the form of immunity that occurs when so many members of a population are protected, an infectious disease is unlikely to spread to the unprotected population.
Although a firewall provides protection for a population, the term "firewall" is used more in computing and technology than in epidemiology.
<endouttext />
</hintpart >
</hintgroup>
</stringresponse>
<solution>
<div class="detailed-solution">
<p>Explanation</p>
<p>The correct answer is <b>herd immunity</b>. As more and more people use bednets, the risk of malaria begins to fall for everyone – users and non-users alike. This can fall to such a low probability that malaria is effectively eradicated from the group (even when the group does not have 100% bednet coverage).</p>
