EXCITING LABS AND TOOLS

Many courses have interactive labs and tools to help with projects, encourage hands on learning, and aid in exam preparation. We’ve included the interactive periodic table below.  Click around. It’s really useful. 

There are more samples of cool labs you can play with in Example Week 2 – make sure to check those out.

Speaking of exams, every course treats the timing of its exams differently.  Please pay careful attention to announcements about exam timing. 

   
1
H
Hydrogen
1.00794 g/mol
Atomic Weight
1.00794 g/mol
Atomic Volume
14.1 cm³/mol
Ionic Radius
- pm
Density
0.0899 g/cm³
Melting Point
-259.34 C
Boiling Point
-252.87 C
Polarizability
0.667
Electronegativity
2.2
First Ionization Potential
13.598 eV
Crystal Structure
Hex
Oxidation States
1
Electronic Configuration
1s¹
   
Hydrogen
H
1
1.00794
14.1
0.0899
-259.34
-252.87
13.598
2.2
1s¹
1
0.667
-
Hex
1
1
Helium
He
2
4.002602
31.8
0.1785
-272.2
-268.93
24.587
-
1s²
-
0.205
-
Hex
1
18
Lithium
Li
3
6.941
13.0
0.534
180.5
1342.0
5.392
0.98
[He]2s¹
1
24.3
76.0
BCC
2
1
Beryllium
Be
4
9.012182
4.88
1.8477
1287.0
2471.0
9.322
1.57
[He]2s²
2
5.6
27.0
Hex
2
2
Boron
B
5
10.811
4.68
2.31
2075.0
4000.0
8.298
2.04
[He]2s²p¹
3
3.03
11.0
Rhom
2
13
Carbon
C
6
12.011
5.34
2.25
4492.0
3825.0
11.26
2.55
[He]2s²p²
2,+/-4
1.76
-
Hex
2
14
Nitrogen
N
7
14.00674
17.3
1.25046
-210.0
-195.79
14.534
3.04
[He]2s²p³
2,+/-3,4,5
1.1
146.0
Hex
2
15
Oxygen
O
8
15.9994
14.0
1.429
-218.79
-182.95
13.618
3.44
[He]2s²p⁴
-2
0.802
138.0
SC
2
16
Fluorine
F
9
18.9984032
17.1
1.69
-219.62
-188.12
17.422
3.98
[He]2s²p⁵
-1
0.557
131.0
SC
2
17
Neon
Ne
10
20.1797
16.8
0.9002
-248.59
-246.08
21.564
-
[He]2s²p⁶
-
0.396
-
FCC
2
18
Sodium
Na
11
22.989768
23.7
0.97
97.72
883.0
5.139
0.93
[Ne]3s¹
1
23.6
102.0
BCC
3
1
Magnesium
Mg
12
24.305
13.97
1.74
650.0
1090.0
7.646
1.31
[Ne]3s²
2
10.6
72.0
Hex
3
2
Aluminum
Al
13
26.981539
9.99
2.702
660.32
2519.0
5.986
1.61
[Ne]3s²p¹
3
6.8
54.0
FCC
3
13
Silicon
Si
14
28.0855
12.05
2.33
1414.0
3265.0
8.151
1.9
[Ne]3s²p²
4
5.38
40.0
FCC
3
14
Phosphorus
P
15
30.973762
17.0
1.82
44.15
277.0
10.486
2.19
[Ne]3s²p³
+/-3,4,5
3.63
17.0
Hex
3
15
Sulfur
S
16
32.066
15.5
2.07
115.21
444.6
10.36
2.58
[Ne]3s²p⁴
+/-2,4,6
2.9
184.0
Ortho
3
16
Chlorine
Cl
17
35.4527
18.7
3.214
-101.5
-34.04
12.967
3.16
[Ne]3s²p⁵
+/-1,3,5,7
2.18
181.0
Ortho
3
17
Argon
Ar
18
39.948
24.2
1.784
-189.35
-185.85
15.759
-
[Ne]3s²p⁶
-
1.64
-
FCC
3
18
Potassium
K
19
39.0983
45.46
0.86
63.38
759.0
4.341
0.82
[Ar]4s¹
1
43.4
138.0
BCC
4
1
Calcium
Ca
20
40.078
26.02
1.54
842.0
1484.0
6.113
1.0
[Ar]4s²
2
22.8
100.0
FCC
4
2
Scandium
Sc
21
44.95591
15.04
2.989
1541.0
2830.0
6.54
1.36
[Ar]3d¹4s²
3
17.8
75.0
Hex
4
3
Titanium
Ti
22
47.88
10.64
4.5
1668.0
3287.0
6.82
1.54
[Ar]3d²4s²
3,4
14.6
67.0
Hex
4
4
Vanadium
V
23
50.9415
8.55
5.96
1910.0
3407.0
6.74
1.63
[Ar]3d³4s²
2,3,4,5
12.4
64.0
BCC
4
5
Chromium
Cr
24
51.9961
7.78
7.2
1907.0
2671.0
6.766
1.66
[Ar]3d⁵4s¹
2,3,6
11.6
62.0
BCC
4
6
Manganese
Mn
25
54.93805
7.35
7.47
1246.0
2061.0
7.435
1.55
[Ar]3d⁵4s²
2,3,4,6,7
9.4
65.0
BCC
4
7
Iron
Fe
26
55.847
7.11
7.86
1538.0
2861.0
7.87
1.83
[Ar]3d⁶4s²
2,3
8.4
78.0
BCC
4
8
Cobalt
Co
27
58.9332
6.61
8.92
1495.0
2927.0
7.86
1.88
[Ar]3d⁷4s²
2,3
7.5
75.0
Hex
4
9
Nickel
Ni
28
58.6934
6.59
8.9
1455.0
2913.0
7.635
1.91
[Ar]3d⁸4s²
2,3
6.8
69.0
FCC
4
10
Copper
Cu
29
63.546
7.11
8.94
1084.62
2562.0
7.726
1.9
[Ar]3d¹⁰4s¹
1,2
6.1
65.0
FCC
4
11
Zinc
Zn
30
65.39
9.16
7.14
419.53
907.0
9.394
1.65
[Ar]3d¹⁰4s²
2
7.1
74.0
Hex
4
12
Gallium
Ga
31
69.723
11.44
6.095
29.76
2204.0
5.999
1.81
[Ar]3d¹⁰4s²p¹
3
8.12
62.0
Ortho
4
13
Germanium
Ge
32
72.61
13.57
5.35
938.25
2833.0
7.899
2.01
[Ar]3d¹⁰4s²p²
4
6.07
53.0
FCC
4
14
Arsenic
As
33
74.92159
13.08
5.727
817.0
614.0
9.81
2.18
[Ar]3d¹⁰4s²p³
+/-3,5
4.31
46.0
Rhom
4
15
Selenium
Se
34
78.96
16.42
4.81
221.0
685.0
9.752
2.55
[Ar]3d¹⁰4s²p⁴
-2,4,6
3.77
198.0
Hex
4
16
Bromine
Br
35
79.904
25.62
3.119
-7.2
58.8
11.814
2.96
[Ar]3d¹⁰4s²p⁵
+/-1,5
3.05
196.0
Ortho
4
17
Krypton
Kr
36
83.8
32.2
3.74
-157.36
-153.22
13.999
-
[Ar]3d¹⁰4s²p⁶
-
2.48
-
FCC
4
18
Rubidium
Rb
37
85.4678
55.79
1.532
39.31
688.0
4.177
0.82
[Kr]5s¹
1
47.3
152.0
BCC
5
1
Strontium
Sr
38
87.62
33.7
2.6
777.0
1382.0
5.695
0.95
[Kr]5s²
2
27.6
118.0
FCC
5
2
Yttrium
Y
39
88.90585
19.89
4.469
1526.0
3336.0
6.38
1.22
[Kr]4d¹5s²
3
22.7
-
Hex
5
3
Zirconium
Zr
40
91.224
14.06
6.49
1855.0
4409.0
6.84
1.33
[Kr]4d²5s²
4
17.9
72.0
Hex
5
4
Niobium
Nb
41
92.90638
10.84
8.57
2477.0
4744.0
6.9
1.6
[Kr]4d⁴5s¹
3,5
15.7
68.0
BCC
5
5
Molybdenum
Mo
42
95.94
9.41
10.2
2623.0
4639.0
7.099
2.16
[Kr]4d⁵5s¹
2,3,4,5,6
12.8
59.0
BCC
5
6
Technetium
Tc
43
97.9072
8.51
11.5
2157.0
4265.0
7.28
1.9
[Kr]4d⁵5s²
7
11.4
65.0
-
5
7
Ruthenium
Ru
44
101.07
8.22
12.3
2334.0
4150.0
7.37
2.2
[Kr]4d⁷5s¹
2,3,4,6,8
9.6
68.0
Hex
5
8
Rhodium
Rh
45
102.9055
8.3
12.4
1964.0
3695.0
7.46
2.28
[Kr]4d⁸5s¹
2,3,4
8.6
67.0
FCC
5
9
Palladium
Pd
46
106.42
8.85
12.02
1554.9
2963.0
8.34
2.2
[Kr]4d¹⁰
2,4
4.8
86.0
FCC
5
10
Silver
Ag
47
107.8682
10.27
10.5
961.78
2162.0
7.576
1.93
[Kr]4d¹⁰5s¹
1
7.2
115.0
FCC
5
11
Cadmium
Cd
48
112.411
13.01
8.642
321.07
767.0
8.993
1.69
[Kr]4d¹⁰5s²
2
7.2
95.0
Hex
5
12
Indium
In
49
114.818
15.73
7.3
156.6
2072.0
5.786
1.78
[Kr]4d¹⁰5s²p¹
3
10.2
80.0
Tet
5
13
Tin
Sn
50
118.71
16.31
7.28
231.93
2602.0
7.344
1.96
[Kr]4d¹⁰5s²p²
2,4
7.7
69.0
Tet
5
14
Antimony
Sb
51
121.757
18.22
6.684
630.63
1587.0
8.641
2.05
[Kr]4d¹⁰5s²p³
+/-3,5
6.6
76.0
Rhom
5
15
Tellurium
Te
52
127.6
20.42
6.25
449.51
988.0
9.009
2.1
[Kr]4d¹⁰5s²p⁴
-2,4,6
5.5
221.0
Hex
5
16
Iodine
I
53
126.90447
25.74
4.93
113.7
184.4
10.451
2.66
[Kr]4d¹⁰5s²p⁵
+/-1,5,7
5.35
220.0
Ortho
5
17
Xenon
Xe
54
131.29
42.9
5.89
-111.75
-108.04
12.13
-
[Kr]4d¹⁰5s²p⁶
-
4.04
-
FCC
5
18
Cesium
Cs
55
132.90543
70.73
1.879
28.44
671.0
3.894
0.79
[Xe]6s¹
1
59.6
167.0
BCC
6
1
Barium
Ba
56
137.327
38.21
3.594
727.0
1897.0
5.212
0.89
[Xe]6s²
2
39.7
135.0
BCC
6
2
Lanthanum
La
57
138.9055
22.6
6.146
920.0
3455.0
5.577
1.1
[Xe]5d¹6s²
3
31.1
103.0
Hex
6
3
Hafnium
Hf
72
178.49
13.41
13.31
2233.0
4603.0
7.0
1.3
[Xe]4f¹⁴5d²6s²
4
16.2
71.0
Hex
6
4
Tantalum
Ta
73
180.9479
10.9
16.6
3017.0
5458.0
7.89
1.5
[Xe]4f¹⁴5d³6s²
5
13.1
72.0
BCC
6
5
Tungsten
W
74
183.84
9.5
19.35
3422.0
5555.0
7.98
2.36
[Xe]4f¹⁴5d⁴6s²
2,3,4,5,6
11.1
42.0
BCC
6
6
Rhenium
Re
75
186.207
9.07
20.5
3186.0
5596.0
7.88
1.9
[Xe]4f¹⁴5d⁵6s²
-1,2,4,6,7
9.7
63.0
Hex
6
7
Osmium
Os
76
190.23
8.41
22.61
3033.0
5012.0
8.7
2.2
[Xe]4f¹⁴5d⁶6s²
2,3,4,6,8
8.5
63.0
Hex
6
8
Iridium
Ir
77
192.22
8.49
22.65
2446.0
4428.0
9.1
2.2
[Xe]4f¹⁴5d⁷6s²
2,3,4,6
7.6
68.0
FCC
6
9
Platinum
Pt
78
195.08
9.09
21.45
1768.4
3825.0
9.0
2.28
[Xe]4f¹⁴5d⁹6s¹
2,4
6.5
80.0
FCC
6
10
Gold
Au
79
196.96654
10.2
19.31
1064.18
2856.0
9.225
2.54
[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s¹
1,3
5.8
137.0
FCC
6
11
Mercury
Hg
80
200.59
14.81
13.546
-38.83
356.73
10.437
2.0
[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s²
1,2
5.7
102.0
Rhom
6
12
Thallium
Tl
81
204.3833
17.25
11.85
304.0
1473.0
6.108
2.04
[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s²p¹
1,3
7.6
150.0
Hex
6
13
Lead
Pb
82
207.2
18.27
11.34
327.46
1749.0
7.416
2.33
[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s²p²
2,4
6.8
119.0
FCC
6
14
Bismuth
Bi
83
208.98037
21.37
9.78
271.4
1564.0
7.289
2.02
[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s²p³
3,5
7.4
103.0
Rhom
6
15
Polonium
Po
84
208.9824
22.73
9.196
254.0
962.0
8.42
2.0
[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s²p⁴
2,4
6.8
94.0
SC
6
16
Astatine
At
85
209.9871
-
-
302.0
337.0
-
2.2
[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s²p⁵
+/-1,3,5,7
6.0
62.0
-
6
17
Radon
Rn
86
222.0176
50.5
9.73
-71.0
-61.7
10.748
-
[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s²p⁶
-
5.3
-
FCC
6
18
Francium
Fr
87
223.0197
-
-
27.0
677.0
-
0.7
[Rn]7s¹
1
48.7
180.0
BCC
7
1
Radium
Ra
88
226.0254
39.0
5.8
700.0
1140.0
5.279
0.9
[Rn]7s²
2
38.3
148.0
BCC
7
2
Actinium
Ac
89
227.0278
22.54
10.07
1051.0
3198.0
6.9
1.1
[Rn]6d¹7s²
3
32.1
112.0
FCC
7
3
Rutherfordium
Rf
104
261.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
[Rn]5f¹⁴6d²7s²
4
-
-
-
7
4
Dubnium
Db
105
262.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
[Rn]5f¹⁴6d³7s²
-
-
-
-
7
5
Seaborgium
Sg
106
263.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
[Rn]5f¹⁴6d⁴7s²
-
-
-
-
7
6
Bohrium
Bh
107
262.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
[Rn]5f¹⁴6d⁵7s²
-
-
-
-
7
7
Hassium
Hs
108
265.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
[Rn]5f¹⁴6d⁶7s²
-
-
-
-
7
8
Meitnerium
Mt
109
266.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
[Rn]5f¹⁴6d⁷7s²
-
-
-
-
7
9
Ununnilium
Uun
110
269.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
[Rn]5f¹⁴6d⁹7s¹
-
-
-
-
7
10
Unununium
Uuu
111
272.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
[Rn]5f¹⁴6d¹⁰7s¹
-
-
-
-
7
11
Ununbium
Uub
112
277.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
[Rn]5f¹⁴6d¹⁰7s²
-
-
-
-
7
12
Ununtrium
Uut
113
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
13
Ununquadium
Uuq
114
285.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
[Rn]5f¹⁴6d¹⁰7s²7p²
-
-
-
-
7
14
Ununpentium
Uup
115
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
15
Ununhexium
Uuh
116
289.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
[Rn]5f¹⁴6d¹⁰7s²7p⁴
-
-
-
-
7
16
Ununseptium
Uus
117
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
17
Ununoctium
Uuo
118
293.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
[Rn]5f¹⁴6d¹⁰7s²7p⁶
-
-
-
-
7
18
 
Cerium
Ce
58
140.115
20.7
6.77
799.0
3424.0
5.466
1.12
[Xe]4f¹5d¹6s²
3,4
29.6
101.0
FCC
8
5
Praseodymium
Pr
59
140.90765
20.8
6.773
931.0
3510.0
5.422
1.13
[Xe]4f³6s²
3,4
28.2
99.0
Hex
8
6
Neodymium
Nd
60
144.24
20.6
7.0
1016.0
3066.0
5.489
1.14
[Xe]4f⁴6s²
3
31.4
111.0
Hex
8
7
Promethium
Pm
61
144.9127
19.95
7.264
1042.0
3000.0
5.554
1.13
[Xe]4f⁵6s²
3
30.1
97.0
Hex
8
8
Samarium
Sm
62
150.36
19.95
7.536
1072.0
1790.0
5.631
1.17
[Xe]4f⁶6s²
2,3
28.8
96.0
Rhom
8
9
Europium
Eu
63
151.965
28.98
5.244
822.0
1596.0
5.666
1.2
[Xe]4f⁷6s²
2,3
27.7
117.0
BCC
8
10
Gadolinium
Gd
64
157.25
19.9
7.901
1314.0
3264.0
6.141
1.2
[Xe]4f⁷5d¹6s²
3
23.5
94.0
Hex
8
11
Terbium
Tb
65
158.92534
19.31
8.23
1359.0
3221.0
5.842
1.2
[Xe]4f⁹6s²
3,4
25.5
92.0
Hex
8
12
Dysprosium
Dy
66
162.5
19.0
8.551
1411.0
2561.0
5.927
1.22
[Xe]4f¹⁰6s²
3
24.5
107.0
Hex
8
13
Holmium
Ho
67
164.93032
18.74
8.8
1472.0
2694.0
6.018
1.23
[Xe]4f¹16s²
3
23.6
90.0
Hex
8
14
Erbium
Er
68
167.26
18.45
9.066
1529.0
2862.0
6.101
1.24
[Xe]4f¹26s²
3
22.7
89.0
Hex
8
15
Thulium
Tm
69
168.93421
18.12
9.321
1545.0
1946.0
6.18436
1.25
[Xe]4f¹36s²
2,3
21.8
103.0
Hex
8
16
Ytterbium
Yb
70
173.04
24.84
6.966
824.0
1194.0
6.25394
1.1
[Xe]4f¹⁴6s²
2,3
21.0
87.0
FCC
8
17
Lutetium
Lu
71
174.967
17.78
9.84
1663.0
3393.0
5.42589
1.27
[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹6s²
3
21.9
86.0
Hex
8
18
 
Thorium
Th
90
232.0381
19.8
11.72
1750.0
4788.0
6.08
1.3
[Rn]6d²7s²
4
32.1
109.0
FCC
9
5
Protactinium
Pa
91
231.03588
15.03
15.37
1572.0
-
5.89
1.5
[Rn]5f²6d¹7s²
4,5
25.4
104.0
Ortho
9
6
Uranium
U
92
238.0289
12.49
19.05
1135.0
4131.0
6.05
1.38
[Rn]5f³6d¹7s²
3,4,5,6
27.4
100.0
Ortho
9
7
Neptunium
Np
93
237.0482
11.59
20.45
644.0
-
6.19
1.36
[Rn]5f⁴6d¹7s²
3,4,5,6
24.8
110.0
Ortho
9
8
Plutonium
Pu
94
244.0642
12.32
19.816
640.0
3228.0
5.8
1.28
[Rn]5f⁶7s²
3,4,5,6
24.5
100.0
Mono
9
9
Americium
Am
95
243.0614
17.78
13.67
1176.0
2607.0
5.993
1.3
[Rn]5f⁷7s²
3,4,5,6
23.3
97.5
Hex
9
10
Curium
Cm
96
247.0703
18.29
13.51
1345.0
-
6.02
1.3
[Rn]5f⁷6d¹7s²
3
23.0
97.0
Hex
9
11
Berkelium
Bk
97
247.0703
-
14.78
1050.0
-
6.23
1.3
[Rn]5f⁹7s²
3,4
22.7
96.0
Hex
9
12
Californium
Cf
98
251.0796
-
-
900.0
-
6.3
1.3
[Rn]5f¹⁰7s²
3
20.5
95.0
Hex
9
13
Einsteinium
Es
99
252.083
-
-
860.0
-
6.42
1.3
[Rn]5f¹¹7s²
3
19.7
-
Hex
9
14
Fermium
Fm
100
257.0951
-
-
1527.0
-
6.5
1.3
[Rn]5f¹²7s²
3
23.8
-
-
9
15
Mendelevium
Md
101
258.1
-
-
827.0
-
6.58
1.3
[Rn]5f¹³7s²
2,3
18.2
-
-
9
16
Nobelium
No
102
259.1009
-
-
827.0
-
6.65
1.3
[Rn]5f¹⁴7s²
2,3
17.5
110.0
-
9
17
Lawrencium
Lr
103
262.11
-
-
1627.0
-
-
-
[Rn]5f¹⁴6d¹7s²
3
-
-
-
9
18